A comparison of atmospheric pressure chemical ionization and electrospray ionization in testing for amphetamine-type substances and ketamine using ultra-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry

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Title: A comparison of atmospheric pressure chemical ionization and electrospray ionization in testing for amphetamine-type substances and ketamine using ultra-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry
Author(s): Apollonio, Luigino G.; Pianca, Dennis J.; Whittall, Ian R.; Kyd, Jennelle M.; Maher, William A.
Abstract: The development of reliable atmospheric pressure ionization (API) interfaces in the coupling of liquid chromatography to mass spectrometry (LC/MS) is the primary reason that LC/MS systems are now commonplace in the working toxicology laboratory. The principles of electrospray ionization (ESI) or atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) in LC/MS analysis have been described, with reported advantages in their application dependent on the characteristics of the target organic compound. While both ESI and APCI have proven to be sensitive and robust, the ESI interface is the more widely used in toxicology and therapeutic drug monitoring, as it allows the sensitive determination of analytes with higher molecular masses, such as proteins, and those with high polarity, such as conjugated drug metabolites. Although the majority of organic compounds of interest do respond to ESI, APCI was developed as an alternative for the analysis of lipophilic compounds and molecules of generally moderate mass, polarity, and volatility. In addition, studies have suggested that APCI demonstrates a reduced susceptibility to matrix effects and ion suppression.
Publication type: Journal article
Source: Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry, Vol. 20, no. 18 (Sep 2006), pp. 2777-2780
Publication year: 2006
FOR Code(s): 03 Chemical Sciences; 04 Earth Sciences; 06 Biological Sciences
Keyword(s): Amphetamine derivative; Amphetamines; Atmospheric pressure; Electrospray mass spectrometry; High performance liquid chromatography; Ketamine
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISSN: 0951-4198
Publisher URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rcm.2639
Peer reviewed